Key result
BMI, macrovascular complications, and a history of anxiety or depression increased the risk of persistently elevated anxiety symptoms over 4 years in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Why the study?
The determinants and outcomes of 4-year trajectories of anxiety symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes were not well established.
Cohort (n=1,091)
In patients with type 2 diabetes, elevated anxiety symptoms are associated with BMI, macrovascular complications, and prior depression/anxiety, but do not predict changes in health-related outcomes over 4 years.
May support anxiety screening in high-BMI T2D patients with complications; leaves open effects on long-term outcomes.
AIM: To identify determinants and outcomes of 4-year trajectories of anxiety symptoms in a community-based cohort with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Some 1091 participants in the Fremantle Diabetes Study-Phase II with type 2 diabetes completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale at baseline and biennially for 4 years, in addition to psychological, biomedical and self-management measures. Latent growth mixture modelling identified trajectories of anxiety symptom severity, and regression models determined predictors of trajectory membership and associated outcomes. RESULTS: and BMI, macrovascular complications and a history of generalized anxiety and/or major depressive disorder increased the risk of elevated anxiety. Elevated anxiety did not predict change in health-related outcomes over time. Elevated anxiety and depression symptoms were highly comorbid and those with both displayed the most persistent anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: A subgroup of individuals with type 2 diabetes are at risk of persistently elevated anxiety symptoms. Routine monitoring of the severity of psychological symptoms over time in this population should facilitate earlier and more intensive mood management.
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Whitworth et al. (2020) conducted a cohort in type 2 diabetes (n=1,091). BMI, macrovascular complications, and history of anxiety or depression was evaluated on 4-year trajectories of anxiety symptoms. BMI, macrovascular complications, and a history of anxiety or depression increased the risk of persistently elevated anxiety symptoms over 4 years in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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