Key result
Huaiqihuang granule pre-treatment reduced serum creatinine by up to 43.61% and improved oxidative stress in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity.
Why the study?
Severe nephrotoxicity greatly limits the clinical use of cyclophosphamide, and the protective effect of Huaiqihuang against cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity required estimation.
Does Huaiqihuang (HQH) prevent cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats?
Does Huaiqihuang (HQH) prevent cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats?
Huaiqihuang (HQH) granule attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by modulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
HQH attenuated CYP nephrotoxicity in rats; leaves open any clinical translation or human trials.
CONTEXT: Severe nephrotoxicity greatly limits the clinical use of the common effective chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide (CYP). Huaiqihuang (HQH) is a Chinese herbal complex with various pharmacological activities, widely used for treating kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: This study estimates the protective effect of HQH against CYP-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four groups of 10 Sprague-Dawley rats were pre-treated with once-daily oral gavage of 3 and 6 mg/kg HQH for 5 days before receiving a single dose of CYP (200 mg/kg i.p.) on the 5th day; the control group received equivalent dose of saline. Renal function indices, morphological changes, oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory mediators were measured. In addition, phosphorylation of the NF-κB/MAPK pathway and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome were analysed. RESULTS: Both doses of HQH reduced the levels of serum creatinine (31.27%, 43.61%), urea nitrogen (22.66%, 32.27%) and urine protein (12.87%, 15.98%) in the CYP-treated rats, and improved histopathological aberrations. Additionally, HQH decreased the production of MDA (37.02%, 46.18%) and increased the activities of antioxidant enzyme CAT (59.18%, 112.25%) and SOD (67.10%, 308.34%) after CYP treatment. HQH protected against CYP-induced nephrotoxicity by modulating apoptosis-related protein and suppressing the inflammatory responses. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of the NF-κB/MAPK pathway and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome were significantly boosted in CYP-treated rats, which was also abrogated by HQH treatment. CONCLUSIONS: HQH effectively protected against CYP-induced nephrotoxicity, which was associated with regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation, and so HQH may be a useful agent for treating nephrotoxicity caused by CYP.
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Zhang et al. (2021) studied Cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity (n=40). Huaiqihuang (HQH) granule vs. Saline (control) and cyclophosphamide alone was evaluated on Renal function indices (serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, urine protein). Huaiqihuang granule pre-treatment reduced serum creatinine by up to 43.61% and improved oxidative stress in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity.
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