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This Special Issue examines how the rapid development of data science and artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming social behavior and creating urgent demands for regulation, thereby reshaping comparative policy analysis in both theory and methodology. The introduction first sketches AI’s evolution from speculative idea to pervasive infrastructure, highlighting opportunities for more informed, efficient, and responsive public policy alongside risks of bias, opacity, surveillance, and capacity gaps. It then proposes a policy process framework – covering agenda setting, formulation, decision-making, implementation, and evaluation – to analyze how AI reshapes each stage. Finally, it situates the six contributions and their advances in comparative AI-enabled governance.
Lee et al. (Sun,) studied this question.