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What makes inert gold active? The answer lies in controlling the structure of Au particles at the nanoscale: Either many interface sites or many low-coordinate Au atoms need to be present in the particles. This principle is demonstrated by modeling the oxidation of CO on a rutile (TiO2)-supported Au nanocluster, the transition state of which does not involve the titania support (see picture: Au yellow, Ti light gray, C dark gray, O red).
Remediakis et al. (Mon,) studied this question.