Key result
MI and arrhythmia are linked to significant changes in 11 ECG parameters, consistently altering T-wave features.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to investigate morphological electrocardiographic modifications associated with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in an elderly male population with frequent comorbidities.
Does the presence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus alter morphological electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic parameters in an elderly male population?
Cross-Sectional (n=1,109)
Yes
Does the presence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus alter morphological electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic parameters in an elderly male population?
T-wave morphological features and repolarization heterogeneity parameters such as T-wave area dispersion (TWAD) are significantly altered across a wide spectrum of cardiovascular diseases in older men, offering potential utility for future risk stratification models.
ECG deviations in MI/arrhythmia should not yet change practice; hypothesis-generating for T-wave parameters in future risk models.
PURPOSE: Morphological electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic features have been used in the detection of cardiovascular diseases and prediction of the risk of cardiac death for a long time. The objective of the current study was to investigate the morphological electrocardiographic modifications in the presence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in an elderly male population, most of them with multiple comorbidities. METHODS: A database of ECG recordings from the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging (ILSA-CNR), created to evaluate physiological and pathological modifications related to aging, was considered. The study examined a group of 1109 males with full clinical documentation aged 65-84 years. A healthy control group (219 individuals) was compared to the groups of diabetes mellitus (130), angina pectoris (99), hypertension (607), myocardial infarction (160), arrhythmia (386), congestive heart failure (73), and peripheral artery disease (95). Twenty-one electrocardiographic features were explored, and the effects of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes on these parameters were analyzed. The three-years mortality index was derived and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial infarction and arrhythmia were the diagnostic groups that showed a significant deviation of 11 electrocardiographic parameters compared to the healthy group, followed by hypertension and congestive heart failure (10), angina pectoris (9), and diabetes mellitus and peripheral artery disease (8). In particular, a set of three parameters (QRS and T roundness and principal component analysis of T wave) increased significantly, whereas four parameters (T amplitude, T maximal vector, T vector ratio, and T wave area dispersion) decreased significantly in all cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus with respect to healthy group. The QRS parameters show a more specific discrimination with a single disease or a group of diseases, whereas the T-wave features seems to be influenced by all the pathological conditions. The present investigation of disease-related electrocardiographic parameters changes can be used in assessing the risk analysis of cardiac death, and gender medicine.
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Bortolan et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus (n=1,109). Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus vs. Healthy control group was evaluated on Deviations in 21 morphological electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic parameters (p=<0.01). Myocardial infarction and arrhythmia were associated with significant deviations in 11 electrocardiographic parameters compared to healthy controls, with T-wave features being affected by all the studied pathological conditions.
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