The Captured Renewer Problem: Tenure-Contingent Constraints on Extraordinary Executive Powers, from the Roman Dictatorship to Article 29 of the Argentine Constitution

This working paper proposes a tenure-contingent constitutional constraint on extraordinary executive powers: automatic truncation of the presidential term upon the exercise of extraordinary powers. It develops the captured renewer problem through the Roman dictatorship, Argentina's Article 29 tradition, and a comparative survey of emergency-power regimes. The analysis uses Extended Phenotype Theory and evolutionary game theory to argue that procedural safeguards fail when renewal depends on a body politically captured by the executive coalition. The draft is published as version 0.1 and includes sourcing notes, a claim/evidence matrix, and a minimal comparative dataset identifying claims that remain under review.