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A study was designed to investigate the ability of listeners to identify speaker sex from isolated productions of /f/, /θ/, /s/, and /∫/. Nine females and nine males recorded the four fricatives in isolation. The stimuli were randomized and presented via loudspeaker to 10 listeners for sex identifications. The results indicated that the listeners could identify the sex of the speakers from the isolated productions of /s/ and /∫/, but could not from the /f/ and /θ/ productions. Subsequent spectrographic analysis of the /s/ and /∫/ stimuli revealed that the female spectra tended generally to be higher in frequency than the male.
Martin Schwartz (Wed,) studied this question.