Recent Advancements in the Development of HDAC/Tubulin Dual-Targeting Inhibitors

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have become one of the main targets in cancer therapy due to their involvement in various biological processes, including gene regulation, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Microtubules, as key elements of the cell cytoskeleton, also represent important therapeutic targets in anticancer drugs research. These proteins are involved in diverse cellular functions, especially mitosis, cell signaling, and intracellular trafficking. With the emergence of multi-target therapy during the last decades, the combination of HDAC and tubulin inhibitors has been envisioned as a practical approach for optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor molecules. HDAC/tubulin dual-targeting inhibitors offer the advantages of the synergistic action of both compounds, along with a significant decrease in their respective toxicities and drug resistance. This review will detail the major recent advancements in the development of HDAC/tubulin dual inhibitors over the last decade and their impact on anticancer drugs discovery.