Key result
Calcified aortic valve tissue showed elevated neutrophils, activated CD4 memory T cells, and M0 macrophages compared to normal tissue, correlated with five key immune-related genes.
Why the study?
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most prevalent valvular heart disease, and the study aimed to illustrate the roles of immune related genes and immune cells infiltration in its occurrence.
Meta-Analysis
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
PTPN11, GRB2, PTPN6, SYK, and SHC1 were identified as key immune-related genes associated with immune cell infiltration in the pathogenesis of calcific aortic valve disease.
Background: As the most prevalent valvular heart disease, calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) has become a primary cause of aortic valve stenosis and insufficiency. We aim to illustrate the roles of immune related genes (IRGs) and immune cells infiltration in the occurrence of CAVD. Methods: Integrative meta-analysis of expression data (INMEX) was adopted to incorporate multiple gene expression datasets of CAVD from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. By matching the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to IRGs from “ImmPort” database, differentially expressed immune related genes (DEIRGs) were screened out. We performed enrichment analysis and found that DEIRGs in CAVD were closely related to inflammatory response and immune cells infiltration. We also constructed protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of DEIRGs and identified 5 key DEIRGs in CAVD according to the mixed character calculation results. Moreover, CIBERSORT algorithm was used to explore the profile of infiltrating immune cells in CAVD. Based on Spearman’s rank correlation method, correlation analysis between key DEIRGs and infiltrating immune cells was performed. Results: A total of 220 DEIRGs were identified and the enrichment analysis of DEIRGs showed that they were significantly enriched in inflammatory responses. PPI network was constructed and PTPN11 , GRB2 , SYK , PTPN6 and SHC1 were identified as key DEIRGs. Compared with normal aortic valve tissue samples, the proportion of neutrophils, T cells CD4 memory activated and macrophages M0 was elevated in calcified aortic valves tissue samples, as well as reduced infiltration of macrophages M2 and NK cells activated. Furthermore, key DEIRGs identified in the present study, including PTPN11 , GRB2 , PTPN6 , SYK , and SHC1 , were all significantly correlated with infiltration of various immune cells. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that PTPN11 , GRB2 , PTPN6 , SYK , and SHC1 might be key DEIRGs associated with immune cells infiltration, which play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of CAVD.
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Wu et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Calcified aortic valve tissue vs. Normal aortic valve tissue was evaluated on Differentially expressed immune related genes and immune cell infiltration. Calcified aortic valve tissue showed elevated neutrophils, activated CD4 memory T cells, and M0 macrophages compared to normal tissue, correlated with five key immune-related genes.
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