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This paper proposes a novel sensitivity-based transactive energy (TE) framework for real-time coordination of electric vehicles (EVs) with voltage control in low-voltage (LV) power distribution network (PDN). The proposed framework employs a combination of economic and control mechanisms that enables EVs to participate in the real-time local energy market (LEM) and mitigates the voltage issues in the PDN through EVs’ charge/discharge scheduling. Prioritizing EV owners’ preferences and concerns, the proposed method can achieve customers’ satisfaction through EV owners’ active participation in the LEM, in which they can bid to the retail market and decide on energy transactions. A new sensitivity-based voltage control scheme is presented considering an incentivized dynamic power curtailment of EV charge in the node of the PDN where a voltage violation is investigated. The proposed model is implemented in the IEEE 55-node LV European test feeder system to investigate its effectiveness in different scenarios and at different EV penetration levels. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of achieving higher EV owners’ satisfaction, and robustness in voltage control.
Hoque et al. (Mon,) studied this question.