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Precision and recall are classical measures used in machine learning. However, they are based on exact matching. This results in binary classification where the predicted item is either a true or false positive despite inexact matching is often preferred in pattern recognition. To address this problem, we introduce soft variants of precision and recall based on application-specific similarity measure. 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fränti et al. (Fri,) studied this question.