Development of the Himalayan frontal thrust zone: Salt Range, Pakistan

Research Article| January 01, 1988 Development of the Himalayan frontal thrust zone: Salt Range, Pakistan Dan M. Baker; Dan M. Baker 1Department of Geology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Robert J. Lillie; Robert J. Lillie 1Department of Geology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Robert S. Yeats; Robert S. Yeats 1Department of Geology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Gary D. Johnson; Gary D. Johnson 2Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Mohammad Yousuf; Mohammad Yousuf 3Oil and Gas Development Corporation, 13-N, Markaz F/7, Islamabad, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Agha Sher Hamid Zamin Agha Sher Hamid Zamin 3Oil and Gas Development Corporation, 13-N, Markaz F/7, Islamabad, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (1988) 16 (1): 3–7. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)0162.3.CO;2 Article history first online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Dan M. Baker, Robert J. Lillie, Robert S. Yeats, Gary D. Johnson, Mohammad Yousuf, Agha Sher Hamid Zamin; Development of the Himalayan frontal thrust zone: Salt Range, Pakistan. Geology 1988;; 16 (1): 3–7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)0162.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract The Salt Range is the active frontal thrust zone of the Himalaya in Pakistan. Seismic reflection data show that a 1 km offset of the basement acted as a buttress that caused the central Salt Range-Potwar Plateau thrust sheet to ramp to the surface, exposing Mesozoic and Paleozoic strata. The frontal part of the thrust sheet was folded passively as it overrode the subthrust surface on a ductile layer of Eocambrian salt. Lack of internal deformation of the rear part of the thrust sheet is due to decoupling of sediments from the basement along this salt layer. Early to middle Pliocene (~4.5 Ma) conglomerate deposition in the southern Potwar Plateau, previously interpreted in terms of compressional deformation, may instead document uplift related to basement normal faulting. Stratigraphic evidence, paleomagnetic dating of unconformities, and sediment-accumulation rates suggest that the thrust sheet began to override the basement offset from 2.1 to 1.6 Ma. Cross-section balancing demonstrates at least 20 to 23 km of shortening across the ramp. The rate of Himalayan convergence that can be attributed to underthrusting of Indian basement beneath sediments in the Pakistan foreland is therefore at least 9-14 mm/yr, about 20%-35% of the total plate convergence rate. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.