Randomized trial investigates thermometry methods on the nanoscale using co-doped upconversion nanoparticles, indicating promising applications in temperature sensing.
The upconversion luminescence properties of oleic acid capped NaYF ₄ :Gd ³⁺ :Yb ³⁺ :Er ³⁺ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) with pure β crystal phase and Nd ³⁺ ions as an additional sensitizer were studied in the temperature range of 288 K < T < 328 K.
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Klier et al. (2015) studied this question.
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