Key result
Among younger patients with acute myocardial infarction, women were significantly more likely than men to experience depressive symptoms at admission (39% vs 22%; adjusted OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.36-1.98).
Observational (n=3,572)
Yes
Younger women presenting with acute myocardial infarction have a significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptoms compared to men, which is associated with worse socioeconomic and clinical profiles.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Prioritizes depression screening in younger women post-AMI; extends evidence of sex disparities in recovery.
BACKGROUND: Depression was recently recognized as a risk factor for adverse medical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The degree to which depression is present among younger patients with an AMI, the patient profile associated with being a young AMI patient with depressive symptoms, and whether relevant sex differences exist are currently unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study enrolled 3572 patients with AMI (67.1% women; 2:1 ratio for women to men) between 2008 and 2012 (at 103 hospitals in the United States, 24 in Spain, and 3 in Australia). Information about lifetime history of depression and depressive symptoms experienced over the past 2 weeks (Patient Health Questionnaire; a cutoff score ≥10 was used for depression screening) was collected during index AMI admission. Information on demographics, socioeconomic status, cardiovascular risk, AMI severity, perceived stress (14-item Perceived Stress Scale), and health status (Seattle Angina Questionnaire, EuroQoL 5D) was obtained through interviews and chart abstraction. Nearly half (48%) of the women reported a lifetime history of depression versus 1 in 4 in men (24%; P<0.0001). At the time of admission for AMI, more women than men experienced depressive symptoms (39% versus 22%, P<0.0001; adjusted odds ratio 1.64; 95% CI 1.36 to 1.98). Patients with more depressive symptoms had higher levels of stress and worse quality of life (P<0.001). Depressive symptoms were more prevalent among patients with lower socioeconomic profiles (eg, lower education, uninsured) and with more cardiovascular risk factors (eg, diabetes, smoking). CONCLUSIONS: A high rate of lifetime history of depression and depressive symptoms at the time of an AMI was observed among younger women compared with men. Depressive symptoms affected those with more vulnerable socioeconomic and clinical profiles.
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Smolderen et al. (2015) conducted an observational in Acute Myocardial Infarction (n=3,572). Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on Depressive symptoms at the time of admission for AMI (adjusted OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.36-1.98, p=<0.0001). Among younger patients with acute myocardial infarction, women were significantly more likely than men to experience depressive symptoms at admission (39% vs 22%; adjusted OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.36-1.98).
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