Key result
Community-based interventions successfully improved population knowledge on cardiovascular disease and risk factors and influenced physical activity and dietary practices, though evidence on smoking and alcohol was inconsistent.
Why the study?
Evidence on the effectiveness of community-based interventions for cardiovascular disease prevention in low- and middle-income countries needed synthesis to inform effective prevention strategies.
Do community-based interventions improve cardiovascular disease prevention behaviors (physical activity, diet, smoking, alcohol) in populations in low- and middle-income countries?
Systematic Review
Do community-based interventions improve cardiovascular disease prevention behaviors (physical activity, diet, smoking, alcohol) in populations in low- and middle-income countries?
Community-based interventions in LMICs are effective at improving CVD knowledge, physical activity, and dietary practices, though their impact on smoking and alcohol use remains inconsistent.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Community-based interventions improve CVD knowledge and behaviors in LMICs; reinforces their role in prevention and guides implementation research.
Objectives: To synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of community-based interventions for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to inform design of effective strategies for CVD prevention. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane register of controlled studies and PSYCINFO databases for studies published between January 2000 and June 2019. Other studies were identified from gray literature sources and review of reference lists of included studies. The primary outcomes for the review were those aimed at primary prevention of CVD targeting physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption. Results: Database searches yielded 15,885 articles and 94 articles were identified through snowball searching. After screening, the articles from LMICs were 32 emanating from 27 studies: 9 cluster randomized trials, eight randomized controlled trials and 10 controlled before and after studies. Community-based interventions successfully improved population knowledge on CVD and risk factors and influenced physical activity and dietary practices. Evidence of interventions on smoking cessation and reduced alcohol consumption was inconsistent. Conclusion: This evidence should inform policy makers in decision-making and prioritizing evidence-based interventions.
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Ndejjo et al. (2021) conducted a systematic review in Cardiovascular disease prevention. Community-based interventions vs. Usual care, no intervention, or mild intervention was evaluated on Changes in knowledge regarding CVD, physical activity, diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Community-based interventions successfully improved population knowledge on cardiovascular disease and risk factors and influenced physical activity and dietary practices, though evidence on smoking and alcohol was inconsistent.
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