The vulnerability of Central Africa’s estuarine population to forest degradation and coastal erosion

This study investigates how marginalized populations in Central Africa are affected by environmental degradation and coastal erosion, particularly at the Wouri estuary. Understanding these effects is crucial for vulnerable communities. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining geospatial analysis of coastal erosion with surveys of residents to assess vulnerability factors and their impact on quality of life. Findings show significant ecosystem decline, with the Atlantic forest decreasing by 5.5% and mangroves by 9.5% between 1986 and 2018. Coastal erosion affects 41.7% of the estuary’s coastline, with a maximum retreat of −20.75 m/year at Cape Cameroon, corresponding to a retreat of around 933.75 m over 45 years (1975–2020). These environmental shifts are not just physical; they impact people directly. Approximately 30% of surveyed residents reported damage to their homes from flooding, and many lack reliable access to basic services. The study suggests implementing specific public policies to help communities better withstand environmental challenges, including awareness initiatives on sustainable management. Key insights highlight the importance of integrated coastal management that includes local knowledge. Evaluating socio-economic impacts through geospatial and qualitative data is essential, alongside evidence-based policies to strengthen