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Most cases of ovarian cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and long-term survival rates are low. Because no effective ovarian cancer screening has yet been developed, the primary focus to reduce ovarian cancer mortality is surgical prevention. For individuals with a significantly increased risk of ovarian cancer, risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is highly effective, but uptake at the recommended age is suboptimal, likely because of concerns about premature menopause. Evidence suggests that many “ovarian” cancers originate in the distal fallopian tube, thus making bilateral salpingectomy after completion of childbearing with delayed oophorectomy an attractive but still unproven risk-reduction option for those who decline or are not yet ready for risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Two clinical trials (SOROCk A Non-randomized Prospective Clinical Trial Comparing the Non-inferiority of Salpingectomy to Salpingo-oophorectomy to Reduce the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Among BRCA1 Carriers, NCT04251052; and TUBA-WISP2 Tubectomy With Delayed Oophorectomy as an Alternative to Risk-Reducing Salpingo-oophorectomy in High-Risk Women to Assess the Safety of Prevention; NCT04294927) are ongoing to determine whether bilateral salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy is as effective as risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy to prevent ovarian cancer. The SOROCk trial is a national, prospective nonrandomized trial powered to test the hypothesis that bilateral salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy is noninferior to risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy to reduce the incidence of ovarian cancer among people with deleterious germline BRCA1 mutations. Gynecologists and gynecologic oncologists in both community-based and academic practices may perform risk-reducing surgeries and have their patients participate in the SOROCk trial. We review key aspects of the SOROCk clinical trial and discuss how surgeons can partner with SOROCk clinical trial sites and facilitate their patients' participation to help answer this important clinical question. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04251052.
Pennington et al. (Thu,) studied this question.