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Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is gaining recognition as a promising “green” oxidizer for solid propellants, largely because it avoids the toxic chlorine by products produced by traditional agents like ammonium perchlorate (AP). However, ADN’s adoption is hampered by concerns about its thermal instability, which poses risks during storage and handling. In this study, we explored ways to enhance ADN’s stability by blending it with small amounts (1.5%) of two stabilizing agents: hexamethylenetetramine (HEX) and N-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA). Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to simulate heating up to 270 °C, we found that both stabilizers noticeably increased the temperature and energy required for ADN to begin decomposing. This improvement suggests the additives disrupt the autocatalytic processes that usually lead to rapid degradation, directly addressing a major safety challenge. By slowing down the breakdown, these stabilizers not only make ADN safer to store and use but also broaden its application potential, whether in agricultural products or advanced energetic materials. Ultimately, this research highlights how a careful choice of stabilizers can transform ADN into a more reliable and eco-friendly option for future propellant and explosive formulations.
Rahmani et al. (Wed,) studied this question.