Randomized trial demonstrates proton conductivity and chromic behaviors in viologen-based frameworks, indicating potential applications in sensing and security.
Key Points
This research aims to explore hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks that exhibit reversible chromism and proton conductivity.
Development of a viologen-based hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF-1) using 1,1′-dibenzyl-4,4′-bipyridinium and 2,7-naphthalenedisulfonate.
Single-crystal analysis to determine the structural arrangement and transport pathways.
Evaluation of stability and chromic behaviors under various stimuli (light, temperature, ammonia vapor).
HOF-1 displays a proton conductivity of 1.07 × 10 –3 S cm –1 at 80 °C and 98% RH.
The activation energy for proton conduction is determined to be 0.40 eV.
HOF-1 exhibits reversible photochromic, thermochromic, and vapochromic behaviors, supporting its potential applications.