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This study aims to enhance the preservation of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx's ultrastructure using high-pressure freezing methods.

July 23, 2026AJP Cell PhysiologyOpen Access

Electron microscopic analysis of the mouse and human alveolar epithelial glycocalyx using high pressure freezing and freeze substitution

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Randomized trial demonstrates the structure of alveolar epithelial glycocalyx in mouse and human lungs, implying improved visualization techniques.

This study aims to enhance the preservation of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx's ultrastructure using high-pressure freezing methods.
High-pressure freezing combined with freeze substitution for sample preservation.
Transmission electron microscopy analysis of human and mouse lung samples.
Comparison of samples treated with protein-rich cryoprotectants and control samples lacking cells.
Observed a bi-layered structure on the apical surface of alveolar epithelial cells using TEM.
Confirmed preservation of cryoprotectant components in addition to cellular constituents via TEM analysis.
Identified two distinct regions on the apical surface: an inner GCX-like layer and a loosely arranged outer layer.

Gluhovic et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Randomized trial demonstrates the structure of alveolar epithelial glycocalyx in mouse and human lungs, implying improved visualization techniques.