Advanced resin systems for high-performance polymer matrix composites: A review of structure–property–processing relationships and industrial applications

This study summarizes recent progress in high-strength polymer matrix composites for novel resin systems that to help facilitate industrial applications. High strength composites are currently important in sectors such as aerospace, automotive, construction, and energy because of their design features, including an incredible strength-to-weight ratio, durability, and adaptability. The performance of customized resin chemistry is becoming increasingly important. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in major scientific databases to uncover in experimental, numerical, and review studies; that the resin system considerably alters composites’ behavior. In the experiments, the resin chemistry and kind of reinforcement, the processing method, and specific mechanical, thermal, and environmental properties were compared and contrasted. Strongly cross-linked matrices, nano-modified systems, and hybrid resin compositions are examples of recent advancements in resin that provide quantifiable gains in strength, stiffness, fracture toughness, fatigue resistance, and damage tolerance. Higher service temperatures are made possible without significantly compromising mechanical performance thanks to enhanced thermal stability brought about by higher glass transition temperatures and better thermo-oxidative resistance in resins. Recyclable and bio-derived resins lessen their negative environmental effects while preserving and sometimes even improving structural performance. All of these advancements expand the design space for high strength composites and make it easier for them to be used in more weight-sensitive and environmentally conscious applications.