Study on Performance Testing and Evaluation of Adaptive Cruise Control Systems Based on a Self-Constructed Comprehensive Performance Evaluation Index Model

Adaptive cruise control (ACC) performance is affected by multiple coupled factors, including safety margin, dynamic response, spacing regulation, target-transition behavior, and ride comfort. A single indicator is therefore insufficient for comprehensive ACC evaluation. This study proposes an adaptive cruise control comprehensive performance evaluation index model (ACC-CPEIM) for scenario-oriented ACC testing and diagnosis. The model links functional objectives, six typical ACC scenarios, measurable longitudinal indicators, hierarchical weights, and scenario-specific scoring rules into a unified evaluation chain. Time-domain response data are converted into scenario-level, criterion-level, and overall performance scores, while the results remain traceable to specific weak scenarios and performance dimensions. The proposed model was evaluated using a CarSim/Simulink co-simulation platform and further applied to vehicle-test data. The co-simulation results yielded an overall score of approximately 3.32 and identified weak acceleration-following response, insufficient spacing reserve during deceleration, and limited cut-in safety margin as the main limitations. The vehicle-test application produced an overall score of approximately 2.98 and showed that comfort and steady-state control were relatively stronger, whereas target-transition adaptability, safety margin, and dynamic response remained limiting dimensions. The results indicate that the ACC-CPEIM can provide quantitative, interpretable, and engineering-oriented support for ACC performance testing and diagnosis.