Validation of Optimal Calibration Parameters for 3D Printing Through Experimental Testing to Enhance Surface Finish Quality and Dimensional Accuracy

3D printing represents a core technology within Industry 4.0; however, insufficient calibration of printing parameters can compromise both quality and dimensional accuracy. This study aims to validate optimal calibration parameters for 3D printing. Multiple variables were experimentally evaluated to identify a configuration that substantially reduced defects in printed parts. Statistical analysis revealed a strong and significant correlation between shell printing speed and ghosting (rs = 0.884,p = 0.001), as well as between the top solid thickness and the occurrence of top gaps (rs = −0.858, p = 0.001). Furthermore, the use of optimized parameters resulted in a significant improvement in print quality (p < 0.001). These results support the optimization of 3D printing processes in both educational and industrial contexts, thereby fostering more efficient and sustainable manufacturing.