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July 23, 2026PLoS ONEOpen Access

Distinct gut and oral microbiome patterns associated with dyslexia in a family-based cohort: A preliminary exploratory study

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Authors

SWSterling WrightMJMia JoslinYKYookyung Kim

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Overview

Exploratory study reports microbiome differences in dyslexia, indicating a potential link to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Key Points

  • This study aims to explore the association between fecal and saliva microbiome diversity in individuals with dyslexia and childhood apraxia of speech (CAS).
  • Examined microbiota of individuals with dyslexia, CAS, and neurotypical family members using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • Collected 19 fecal and 29 saliva samples from a cohort of 28 individuals.
  • Performed taxonomic classification using four reference databases, analyzing microbial diversity and composition.
  • Individuals with dyslexia showed distinct alpha and beta diversity patterns in fecal microbiomes compared to neurotypical relatives and those with CAS.
  • Key taxa associated with dyslexia were identified in both fecal and saliva datasets, but CAS showed no association.
  • Predicted functional profiling revealed dyslexia-specific pathways in the fecal microbiome, without functional differences in saliva.

Cite This Study

Wright et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a61b056faa9903c5116af1chttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353463
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Oral and Gut Microbiota in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Case–Control Study2026
  2. 2Oral Microbiota Composition and Its Association with Gastrointestinal and Developmental Abnormalities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder2025 · 2 citations
  3. 3Oral microbiota in autistic children: diagnosis-related differences and associations with clinical characteristics2024 · 12 citations
  4. 4Gut bacterial characteristics in children with autism spectrum disorder according to symptom severity: a cross-sectional study2026
  5. 5Joint exome and metabolome analysis in individuals with dyslexia: Evidence for associated dysregulations of olfactory perception and autoimmune functions2024