Perceived reality in television effects research

This essay illuminates critical findings, limitations, and assumptions underlying the literature on perceived reality. Following a process of construct validation, the paper is structured to develop a conceptual definition and to hypothesize how the elements of that definition should be logically and empirically related to other relevant concepts and their measures. Perceived reality should be regarded as a multidimensional construct composed of magic window, utility, and identity elements. The existing research is critically evaluated to determine the extent to which each definitional element is supported.