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Laser patterning has emerged as a remarkable method for tuning the surface properties of materials, including metals such as copper and its alloys. The copper wettability can be precisely tailored - from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic – using laser-based surface engineering techniques, unlocking transformative potential across a wide range of applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of laser technology in the modification of the wettability properties of copper surfaces. Particular attention is given to the evolution of the water contact angle over time of irradiated surfaces after air exposure, as well as to the mechanisms reported in the literature that explain wettability changes. In addition to laser irradiation, spanning wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared and pulse widths from the nanoseconds to femtoseconds, several studies incorporate post-processing methods to achieve the desire performance, which are also discussed in this review. Moreover, the review highlights successful application of the laser-treated copper surfaces modified with wettability in areas such as oil-water separation, self-cleaning, anti-icing, sensing, heat transfer and microfluids, among others. Finally, a critical analysis of laser surface treatments and conventional chemical methods is performed.
Botas et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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