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Abstract Carbon black‐filled natural rubber composites were prepared using various types of natural rubber: unmodified natural rubber, epoxidized natural rubber with two levels of epoxy groups at 25 and 50 mol % epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)‐25 and ENR‐50, and maleated natural rubber. Two types of carbon black (HAF and ECF) with different structure and surface area were used. The functional groups present in natural rubber and carbon black were characterized by FTIR and 1 H‐NMR. Furthermore, cure characteristics, mechanical, morphological, and electrical properties of composites and gum rubber compounds were investigated. It was found that the presence of polar functional groups in rubber molecules and the different structures of carbon black significantly affected the cure characteristics and mechanical properties. This is attributed to physical and chemical interactions between carbon black surfaces and rubber molecules. It was also found that natural rubber filled with ECF showed the highest Young's modulus and hardness, which is due to the high‐surface area and structure of the ECF causing an increase in the degree of entanglement between rubber chains and carbon black particles. Frequency dependency of the dielectric constant, loss tangent, and AC conductivity was also investigated. An increase in dielectric constant, loss tangent, and AC conductivity was observed in the ENR/ECF composites. High‐carbon black loading level caused network formation of these conductive particles, increasing the AC conductivity of the composites. POLYM. COMPOS. 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Salaeh et al. (Sun,) studied this question.