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Socio-hydrology has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that integrates human–water interactions, emphasizing bidirectional feedback mechanisms and the co-evolution of human and hydrological systems. This paper reviews the conceptual foundation of socio-hydrology, tracing its evolution from early studies to a framework incorporating socio-economic, behavioural, and environmental factors. The development of socio-hydrological models has enabled researchers to analyse feedback loops, assess water sustainability, and predict long-term trends in human–water interactions. This study highlights advances in the field, including the role of social norms, adaptive water management strategies, and climate-induced hydrological changes. Despite progress, challenges remain in refining models, integrating large-scale data, and developing predictive frameworks that can guide water governance in a rapidly changing world. Future research should enhance interdisciplinary collaborations, improve data assimilation, and advance scenario-based simulations to address global water security. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and researchers developing sustainable and resilient strategies in the Anthropocene.
Wang et al. (Wed,) studied this question.