Ising and spin orders in the iron-based superconductors

Motivated by recent neutron scattering experiments, we study the ordering of spins in the iron-based superconductors LaFeAs (O₁-ₗFₗ), assuming them in proximity to a Mott insulator in the phase diagram. The ground state of the parent system with x=0 is a spin-density wave with ordering wave vector PQ= (0, ) or (, 0). Upon raising the temperature, we find that the system restores SU (2) symmetry, while an Ising symmetry remains broken, explaining the experimentally observed lattice distortion to a monoclinic crystal structure. Upon further temperature increase, the spins finally disorder at a second transition. The phase transition driven by doping with charge carriers similarly splits into an O (3) transition and an Ising transition with z=3 at larger doping.