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Fred A. Johnson, Clinton T. Moore, William L. Kendall, James A. Dubovsky, David F. Caithamer, James R. Kelley, Jr., Byron K. Williams, Uncertainty and the Management of Mallard Harvests, The Journal of Wildlife Management, Vol. 61, No. 1 (Jan., 1997), pp. 202-216
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Johnson et al. (1997) studied this question.
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