Provides the 2006 ACC/AHA/ESC clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation.
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Avoid digoxin, procainamide, quinidine, and verapamil/diltiazem for AF; reinforces guideline deprioritization of unproven agents.
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Fuster et al. (2006) studied this question. The 2006 ACC/AHA/ESC atrial fibrillation guidelines classify digoxin, procainamide, quinidine, verapamil, and diltiazem as drugs with unproven efficacy or no longer recommended.
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