Ecological-Physiological Characteristic of Northern Climatic Factors Literature Review

Literary information on the ecological-physiological characteristic of the leading northern climatic factors has been analyzed. The combination of fluctuations of temperature and atmospheric pressure, high relative and low absolute humidity, strict wind regime, significant changes of solar activity, diversity of magnetic fields behavior, sharp photoperiodicity and pronounced UV-deficit cause a special structure of the northern regions’ climate. Per totality of climatic characteristics and taking into account the general biological effect of these factors, their combinations and the degree of manifestation, the territories of the North as a whole can be referred to the zone of uncomfortable natural-climatic living conditions with the elements of manifested extremeness of a number of parameters placing exclusive demands to human body functional systems.