What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the efficacy of a noninvasive ventilatory-assistance apparatus for acute COPD exacerbations.

Reversal of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease by Inspiratory Assistance with a Face Mask

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Randomized trial shows improved respiratory function in COPD patients using noninvasive ventilation, suggesting a safer alternative to intubation.

To evaluate the efficacy of a noninvasive ventilatory-assistance apparatus for acute COPD exacerbations.
Assessed short-term physiologic effects in 11 patients with acute COPD exacerbations for 45 minutes.
Evaluated therapeutic efficacy in 13 patients compared to 13 historical controls with matching criteria.
Measured arterial pH, partial pressures of carbon dioxide and oxygen, and respiratory rate before and after treatment.
Arterial pH increased from 7.31 to 7.38 (P<0.01).
Only 1 of 13 treated patients required intubation compared to 11 of 13 controls (P<0.001).
Shorter need for ventilatory assistance: 3 days (treated) vs. 12 days (controls) (P<0.01).

Brochard et al. (1990) studied this question.

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Randomized trial shows improved respiratory function in COPD patients using noninvasive ventilation, suggesting a safer alternative to intubation.