Integrative Assistive Technologies for Visual Impairment: A Systematic Review of AI‐Driven, Robotic, and Sensor‐Fusion Systems

This review paper examines modern assistive technology developments for visually impaired users, focusing on systems that detect multiple objects and understand scenes. This study systematically analyzed devices and systems that assist visually impaired users with daily activities, including navigation, object detection, scene understanding, and text reading. Research from 2017 to 2025 demonstrates that artificial intelligence (AI) serves as a fundamental basis for developing these technologies because it delivers better precision, speed, and usability. AI systems that combine computer vision (CV) with robotics and multimodal feedback systems have developed innovative navigation solutions that provide hands‐free, contactless, and nonobtrusive alternatives to white canes. The current technology faces three main obstacles: delivering environment‐specific object data, conducting extensive outdoor field testing, and developing feedback methods that extend beyond audio communication systems. This proves that supportive technology development involves different subjects and that user‐centered design, together with joint work, helps design future inventions for accessibility and independence for visually impaired users.