What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to evaluate how replacing dietary soybean meal with Chlorella affects growth performance, muscle quality, and intestinal microbiota in mirror carp.

July 24, 2026Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica1 citationsOpen Access

DIETARY SOYBEAN MEAL WITH CHORELLA ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, MUSCLE QUALITY, AND INTESTINAL FLORA OF MIRROR CARP (italicCYPRINUS CARPIO/italic VAR. italicSPECULARIS/italic)

LTLi TangSichuan Agricultural University LJLu-Yao JIA SJSun JianTongji University

Key Points

This research aims to evaluate how replacing dietary soybean meal with Chlorella affects growth performance, muscle quality, and intestinal microbiota in mirror carp.
Five experimental diets were formulated with soybean meal replaced by Chlorella at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%.
Mirror carp were fed for 60 days, and multiple growth performance and health indicators were measured.
Principal component analysis was conducted to assess muscle texture quality.
CV50 and CV75 groups showed significant increases in final body weight and weight gain rate (P<0.05).
50% replacement with Chlorella improved muscle nutritional value and texture (P<0.05).
Replacement levels between 58.14% and 70.54% optimized growth, while 100% caused liver and kidney damage.

Abstract

To investigate the effects of substituting dietary soybean meal with Chlorella on growth performance, muscle quality, and intestinal microbiota of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio var. specularis), five experimental diets were formulated by replacing dietary 0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of soybean meal with Chlorella, which named CV0 (Control), CV25, CV50, CV75, and CV100, respectively. The mirror carp with an initial body weight of (20.00±0.01) g were fed five experimental diets for 60d. The results showed that compared with the CV0, the final body weight in CV50 and CV75 groups, the weight gain rate in CV50, CV75 and CV100 groups, the specific growth rate and lipid retention efficiency in CV25, CV50, CV75 and CV100 groups, as well as the protein retention efficiency in CV25, CV50 and CV75 groups were significantly increased (PPPChlorella significantly increased the T-AOC levels and SOD activity in both liver and intestine (PPPPChlorella significantly improved the nutritional value of fish by increasing the crude protein and crude lipid level in both whole body and muscle, as well as the muscle NEAA, EAA, and PUFA level (PChlorella improved muscle texture. Additionally, replacing 50%, 75%, and 100% of soybean meal with Chlorella increased muscle redness and yellowness (PChlorella elevated the relative abundance of dominant intestinal microbiota (Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobiota). The quadratic regression analysis based on growth performance indicated that the optimal replacement level of soybean meal with Chlorella was 58.14%—70.54%. In conclusion, complete replacement of soybean meal with Chlorella had no negative effects on the growth performance of mirror carp, but caused damage to liver and kidney tissues. However, appropriate replacement of soybean meal with Chlorella promoted the growth, improved muscle quality of mirror carp, with the optimal replacement level being 58.14%—70.54%.

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