The Evolution of International Rural Innovation Research and Its Implications for Rural Planning in China

To address global climate change and rural marginalization, this study examines the evolutionary trajectory of international rural innovation research. Using bibliometric analysis and knowledge mapping of the Web of Science (2005–2024), we delineate the knowledge production landscape across major global milestones. Findings reveal a “dual-core” geopolitical structure: the Global North prioritizes theoretical frameworks while the Global South focuses on empirical validation. The field has transitioned from technology-driven diffusion (2005–2012) toward systemic resilience (2019–2024), mirroring an adaptive evolution in rural planning from functional design to digital governance. This research innovatively bridges rural innovation theory with spatial implementation, distilling a “technology-institution-resilience” framework for territorial and regional planning. It provides essential theoretical reflections for operationalizing innovation within regional development, particularly for developing nations.