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In this letter, we have presented an experimental investigation of the specific heat cp of water-based Al2O3 nanofluid with a differential scanning calorimeter. The result indicates that the specific heat cp of nanofluid decreases gradually as the nanoparticle volume fraction ϕ increases from 0.0% to 21.7%. The relationship between them exhibits good agreement with the prediction from the thermal equilibrium model Eq. (2). The other simple mixing model Eq. (1) fails to predict the specific heat cp of nanofluid.
Zhou et al. (Mon,) studied this question.