Anesthesiological management of thoracoscopic operations on lungs and mediastinum

The objective of the review : analysis of innovations in the conceptual justification and methodological support of anesthetic protection of thoracic surgical interventions. Results : optimization of methods of anesthetic protection should be aimed at solving both surgical requirements such as creating conditions for surgical comfort and at the same time, ensuring the maximum achievable level of protection efficiency and patient safety. When solving the problems of patient protection in thoracic surgery in general and thoracoscopic surgery in particular, the special attention is paid to ensuring effective gas exchange and optimal anesthesia methods corresponding to them within the framework of the multi-component concept. It is important to consider that weaning from mechanical ventilation and the careful collapse of the operated lung are absolute indications for thoracoscopic surgery. This approach is used due to the need to provide space in the pleural cavity for instrumental manipulations during surgery.