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The intracardiac nervous system, consisting of ganglionic plexuses and ganglia, plays a key role in local cardiac regulation and the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases.
This review highlights the complex local cardiac regulation driven by the intracardiac nervous system and its implications in cardiovascular diseases.
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Reinforces intracardiac neural regulation as a research focus; leaves open targeted neuromodulation in human disease.
Cardiac function is under the control of the autonomic nervous system, composed by the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions, which are finely tuned at different hierarchical levels. While a complex regulation occurs in the central nervous system involving the insular cortex, the amygdala and the hypothalamus, a local cardiac regulation also takes place within the heart, driven by an intracardiac nervous system. This complex system consists of a network of ganglionic plexuses and interconnecting ganglions and axons. Each ganglionic plexus contains numerous intracardiac ganglia that operate as local integration centres, modulating the intricate autonomic interactions between the extrinsic and intracardiac nervous systems. Herein, we summarize the current understanding on the intracardiac nervous system, and acknowledge its role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases.
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Campos et al. (2018) conducted a review in Cardiovascular diseases. Intracardiac nervous system was evaluated. The intracardiac nervous system, consisting of ganglionic plexuses and ganglia, plays a key role in local cardiac regulation and the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases.
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