The preparation of monodisperse hollow titania spheres with defined diameter, wall thickness, and crystal phase by the layer-by-layer templating of colloid particles and subsequent calcination (see Figure) is reported. A major advantage associated with this type of colloid templating is that it can be conducted from any aqueous solution. Nanometer-level control over the sphere wall thickness is achieved by varying the number of layers deposited on the particles.
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Caruso et al. (2001) studied this question.