Key result
SARS-CoV-2 infection aggravates pre-existing cardiovascular disease and diabetes via myocardial injury in preclinical models.
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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are top two chronic comorbidities that increase the severity and mortality of COVID-19. However, how SARS-CoV-2 alters the progression of chronic diseases remain unclear. Methods: We used adenovirus to deliver h-ACE2 to lung to enable SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice. SARS-CoV-2's impacts on pathogenesis of chronic diseases were studied through histopathological, virologic and molecular biology analysis. Results: Pre-existing CVDs resulted in viral invasion, ROS elevation and activation of apoptosis pathways contribute myocardial injury during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral infection increased fasting blood glucose and reduced insulin response in DM model. Bone mineral density decreased shortly after infection, which associated with impaired PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Conclusion: We established mouse models mimicked the complex pathological symptoms of COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases. Pre-existing diseases could impair the inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, which further aggravated the pre-existing diseases. This work provided valuable information to better understand the interplay between the primary diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Ma et al. (2021) studied Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus with SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection (via adenovirus h-ACE2 delivery) was evaluated on Pathogenesis of chronic diseases (myocardial injury, blood glucose, bone mineral density). SARS-CoV-2 infection in mouse models aggravated pre-existing cardiovascular diseases and diabetes by causing myocardial injury, increasing fasting blood glucose, and reducing insulin response.
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