A three-dimensional spatial comprehensive relation model for representing and reasoning based on spatial slicing

Existing 3D spatial relation models depend on holistic bounding volume strategies, which cannot capture local vertical variations of morphologically complex objects. High uncertainty in topological reasoning also restricts their practical application. This paper presents 3D-SCRM, a 3D Spatial Comprehensive Relation Model based on Spatial Slicing, which discretizes 3D space into 2D vertical slices. It integrates three synergistic sub-models for directional, topological and distance relations, and adopts a compositional reasoning method to reduce topological ambiguity via directional and distance constraints. Unlike traditional models, 3D-SCRM precisely depicts dynamic spatial relation changes with altitude, supporting urban planning and 3D geospatial modeling.