Nanofiltration membranes with narrowed pore size distribution via pore wall modification

We propose a novel strategy for narrowing down the pore size distribution of ready-made nanofiltration membranes (NFMs) via pore wall modification. NFMs were subjected to the filtration of a highly reactive molecule solution, during which large pores were selectively reduced in size. The as-treated NFMs have high monovalent ion/divalent ion selectivity.