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// Domenica Rea 1, * , Giovanni Coppola 1, * , Giuseppe Palma 1 , Antonio Barbieri 1 , Antonio Luciano 1 , Paola Del Prete 2 , Sabrina Rossetti 3 , Massimiliano Berretta 4 , Gaetano Facchini 3 , Sisto Perdonà 5 , Maria Caterina Turco 6 and Claudio Arra 1 1 S.S.D Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy 2 Direzione Scientifica, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy 3 Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy 4 Department of Medical Oncology, CRO- Aviano, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy 5 Department of Urology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy 6 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Giuseppe Palma, email: palma.giuseppe@icloud.com Antonio Barbieri, email: a.barbieri@istitutotumori.na.it Keywords: gut microbiota; cancer; inflammation; probiotics; colon rectal cancer Received: August 03, 2017 Accepted: February 27, 2018 Published: April 03, 2018 ABSTRACT Gut microbiota, a group of 10 14 bacteria, eukaryotes and virus living in gastrointestinal tract, is crucial for many physiological processes in particular plays an important role in inflammatory and immune reactions. Several internal and external factors can influence this population, and shifts in their composition, have been demonstrated to contribute and affect different diseases. During dysbiosis several bacteria related to inflammation, one of the most necessary factors in carcinogenesis; it has been shown that some bacterial strains through deregulation of different signals/pathways may affect tumor development through the production of many factors. Gut microbiota might be considered as a holistic hub point for cancer development: direct and indirect involvements have been studying in several neoplasms such as colon rectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer. This review discuss over the evidence of crosstalk between gut microbiota and cancer, its ability to modulate chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, and the possibility that the intestinal microbial is a new target for therapeutic approaches to improve the prognosis and quality of life of cancer patients.
Rea et al. (Mon,) studied this question.