Key result
This review describes the cellular and molecular mechanisms of myocardial dysfunction and low cardiac output syndrome in pediatric patients after heart surgery, focusing on ischemia-reperfusion injury.
This review outlines the cellular and molecular mechanisms of low cardiac output syndrome following pediatric cardiac surgery and suggests protective management strategies.
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No immediate change to pediatric perioperative care; extends mechanistic understanding of post-surgical low output and leaves open targeted interventions.
Several cellular and molecular mechanisms have been implicated in the development of myocardial dysfunction and low cardiac output in pediatric patients undergoing heart surgery. Ischemia- reperfusion injury with alterations in calcium homeostasis as well as mitochondrial function has been strongly related to myocyte damage and heart failure in this population. In this article, we will review the main mechanisms of postoperative cardiac dysfunction at cellular and molecular levels and the subsequent protective strategies. In addition, we will describe cellular features of the neonatal or immature myocardium and will suggest possible protective management strategies. This article addresses the first of eight topics comprising the special issue entitled "Pharmacologic strategies with afterload reduction in low cardiac output syndrome after pediatric cardiac surgery".
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Bautista‐Hernández et al. (2015) conducted a review in Low cardiac output syndrome after pediatric cardiac surgery. This review describes the cellular and molecular mechanisms of myocardial dysfunction and low cardiac output syndrome in pediatric patients after heart surgery, focusing on ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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