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Abstract In this review only exchangeable cations on extralattice positions in zeolites are considered. Cu2+ is used as a probe for the siting, the nature, and the energy of the bonding to the lattice. The term zeolite encompasses the crystalline aluminosilicates and the crystalline aluminum phosphates (ALPO) with ion exchange and molecular sieving properties. However, exchangeable cations in isomorphously substituted ALPOs have not been studied systematically and are not treated here.
Robert A. Schoonheydt (Mon,) studied this question.