Pay-for-Performance: Not a Magic Bullet

Editorials18 December 2012Pay-for-Performance: Not a Magic BulletMartin Roland, DMMartin Roland, DMFrom University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-12-201212180-00014 SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a supplement.On 20 July 1854, an advertisement in the New York Daily Tribune announced Deseler's "new cure for fever and ague." Aside from wanting to know the constituents of the cure (possibly arsenic), contemporary physicians would want to know more about this new treatment—the types of fever it aided, the optimum dose, side effects, and so on. Contemporary payers would want to know whether the new treatment improved patient outcomes, tempering initial enthusiasm with questions about effectiveness, adverse reactions, and cost. In contrast, in ...References1. Houle SK, McAlister FA, Jackevicius CA, Chuck AW, Tsuyuki RT. Does performance-based remuneration for individual health care practitioners affect patient care? A systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157:889-99. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Roland M. Incentives must be closely aligned to professional values. BMJ. 2012;345:5982. [PMID: 22963938] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Robinson JC. Theory and practice in the design of physician payment incentives. Milbank Q. 2001;79:149-77. [PMID: 11439463] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Campbell SM, Reeves D, Kontopantelis E, Sibbald B, Roland M. Effects of pay-for-performance on the quality of primary care in England. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:368-78. [PMID: 19625717] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Jha AK, Joynt KE, Orav EJ, Epstein AM. The long-term effect of premier pay for performance on patient outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1606-15. [PMID: 22455751] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. Sutton M, Nikolova S, Boaden R, Lester H, McDonald R, Roland M. Reduced mortality with hospital pay for performance in England. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:1821-8. [PMID: 23134382] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. Casalino L. The unintended consequences of measuring quality on the quality of medical care. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1147-1150. [PMID: 10511617] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Doran T, Kontopantelis E, Valderas J, Campbell S, Roland M, Salisbury C, et al. The effect of financial incentives on incentivized and non-incentivized clinical activities. Evidence from the UK's Quality and Outcomes Framework. BMJ. 2011;342:d3590. [PMID: 21712336] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. Casalino L, Elster A, Eisenberg A, Lewis E, Montgomery J, Ramos D. Will pay-for-performance and quality reporting affect health disparities? Health Aff (Millwood). 2007;26:w405-14. [PMID: 17426053] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. Blakeman T, Chew-Graham C, Reeves D, Rogers A, Bower P. The quality and outcomes framework and self-management dialogue in primary care consultations: a qualitative study. Br J Gen Pract. 2011;61:666-73. [PMID: 22152849] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. Lester H, Schmittdiel J, Selby J, Fireman J, Campbell S, Lee J, et al. The impact of removing financial incentives from clinical quality indicators: longitudinal analysis of four Kaiser Permanente indicators. BMJ. 2012;340:c1898. [PMID: 20460330] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. Werner R, Adams Dudley R. Making the "pay" matter in pay for performance: implications for payment strategies. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28:1498-508. [PMID: 19738269] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. Ven Herck P, De Smedt D, Annemans L, Remmen R, Rosenthal M, Sermeus W. Systematic review: effect, design choices, and context of pay-for-performance in health care. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10:247. [PMID: 20731816] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar14. Victora CG, Vaughan JP, Barros FC, Silva AC, Tomasi E. Explaining trends in inequities: evidence from Brazilian child health studies. Lancet. 2000;356:1093-8. [PMID: 11009159] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M12-2717.Corresponding Author: Martin Roland, DM, Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research, University of Cambridge, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom; e-mail, [email protected]. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDoes Performance-Based Remuneration for Individual Health Care Practitioners Affect Patient Care? Sherilyn K.D. Houle , Finlay A. McAlister , Cynthia A. Jackevicius , Anderson W. Chuck , and Ross T. Tsuyuki Correction: Pay-for-Performance: Not a Magic Bullet Metrics Cited ByA realist review to assess for whom, under what conditions and how pay for performance programmes work in low- and middle-income countriesA Health Care Value Framework for Physical Therapy Primary Health Care OrganizationsHow can Saudi Arabia reform its public hospital payment models? A narrative reviewHow are pay-for-performance schemes in healthcare designed in low- and middle-income countries? 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The choice of organisational level for hospital performance incentivesOptimal price-setting in pay for performance schemes in health careIncentivising improvements in health care delivery: a response to Adam OliverMichigan's Fee-For-Value Physician Incentive Program Reduces Spending And Improves Quality In Primary CareLarge Performance Incentives Had The Greatest Impact On Providers Whose Quality Metrics Were Lowest At BaselineThe Tougher the Better: An Economic Analysis of Increased Payment Thresholds on the Performance of General PracticesSuccesses and Failures of Pay for Performance in the United KingdomPediatric Appendectomy: Optimal Surgical Timing and Risk AssessmentThe future shape of primary careShould pay-for-performance schemes be locally designed? evidence from the commissioning for quality and innovation (CQUIN) frameworkPay for Performance in Five States: Lessons for the Nursing Home SectorCorrection: Pay-for-Performance: Not a Magic Bullet 18 December 2012Volume 157, Issue 12Page: 912-913KeywordsAdverse reactionsFeversHealth careHealth care qualityMotivationPopulation statisticsPrevention, policy, and public healthQuality improvementResearch designSystematic reviews ePublished: 18 December 2012 Issue Published: 18 December 2012 CopyrightCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. 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