One-dimensional-like Co structures 50-Å-wide and 3000-Å-long have been grown by decoration of the monoatomic steps of a Cu(111) surface and visualized with scanning tunneling microscopy. In order to achieve step-flow growth, terrace width, evaporation rate, and substrate temperature have been carefully adjusted. The choice of the (111) terrace orientation and 〈11̄0〉 compact steps ensures a homogeneous width of the Co wires and a lateral confinement of minority-spin electrons.
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Figuera et al. (1995) studied this question.