Key result
In a cafeteria diet-induced obese-hyperglycemic mice model, perivascular adipose tissue modulated aorta reactivity by releasing NO-, decreasing α1-adrenergic response, and releasing prostanoids.
Why the study?
Perivascular adipose tissue maintains cardiovascular homeostasis, but its role in vascular tone regulation during obesity and diabetes is unclear.
In a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia, perivascular adipose tissue modulates aorta reactivity by releasing nitric oxide and vasorelaxant prostanoids.
Hypothesis-generating for PVAT modulation of vascular reactivity in obesity; leaves open human translation and clinical relevance.
Background: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) plays an essential role in cardiovascular homeostasis. However, during obesity and diabetes, its role in vascular tone regulation is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the function of the PVAT on aorta reactivity in the lean and cafeteria (CAF) diet-induced obese-hyperglycemic mice model. Methods: Aorta reactivity to phenylephrine, KCl, and acetylcholine was analyzed in lean (n = 6) and obese mice (n = 6). Also, nitric oxide (NO-) and cyclooxygenase participation, in the presence (n = 6) and absence (n = 6) of PVAT, were examined in the aortas. Results: After a CAF diet for 19 weeks, obese mice showed increased body weight, glucose intolerance, and hypercholesterolemia concerning lean mice. Vascular reactivity to phenylephrine was reduced significantly in the aorta of obese mice. In contrast, the contraction produced by KCl (80 mM) was increased in the aorta of obese mice independent of PVAT. Acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation diminished in the aortas of obese mice in the presence of PVAT. Nonselective inhibition of cyclooxygenases likely shows that PVAT and endothelium release vasorelaxant prostanoids. Conclusions: The results suggest that PVAT modulates aorta reactivity by releasing NO-, decreasing the α1-adrenergic response to phenylephrine, and probably releasing vasorelaxant prostanoids. The data suggest that PVAT regulates the vascular smooth muscle and endothelial function in a CAF diet-induced obese-hyperglycemic mice model.
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Lázaro‐Suárez et al. (2022) studied Obesity and hyperglycemia (n=12). Cafeteria diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia vs. Lean diet was evaluated on Aorta reactivity to phenylephrine, KCl, and acetylcholine. In a cafeteria diet-induced obese-hyperglycemic mice model, perivascular adipose tissue modulated aorta reactivity by releasing NO-, decreasing α1-adrenergic response, and releasing prostanoids.
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