Therapeutic Uses, Chemical Compositions, With Special References to Oral Health Care, Market Values and Clinical Trial of Bee Propolis: An Updated Review

Bee propolis is a natural ingredient seen in several floras such as poplar, palm, pine, conifer secretions, gums, resins, mucilage, and leaf buds. Propolis has numerous health benefits such as enhancing immunity, lowering blood pressure, and treating allergies and skin conditions; therefore, it is widely used in the prevention and treatment of a wide range of disorders. Propolis is the subject of interest in the current study because most people emphasize natural remedies with ethnopharmacological properties. Propolis is considered a by-product of the royal jelly known as honey, which currently has no credible information relating to its standardized production method as well as its biological and pharmacological activities around the world. Propolis has been used therapeutically by humans for ages. Dental caries and oral infections are treated with propolis, due to its multifaceted chemical constituents like flavanones, pinocembrin, flavonols, galangin, caffeic acid, phenethyl ester, etc. This review article aims to explore the properties and constituents of propolis based on its potential use in general medical and oral health management.